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TOL. I. WASHINGTON, D. C M DECEMBER 14, 1895. NO. & 

MISCELLANEOUS MEMORANDA. 


TABLE OF CONTENTS. 


Page. 

Events Which Began the 
War: Passages of the Ordinances of / 
Secession; Firing on the “Star of the 
■West”; Organization of the Confed¬ 
erate Government; Firing on Fort 
Snmter—Call for Volunteers . . . 2, 3, 4 

Events Which Ended the 
War: Surrender of the Rebel Armies; 
Stoppage of Recruiting; Raising the 
Blockade; Presidential Proclamations « 
Declaring Peace—Restoration of Civil * 
Governments.4, 5, 6 


Page. 

* ‘ Shoot Him on the Spot.”. 6 

Personal Characteristics of 
the Union Volunteer: Ages of 

Soldiers; Ages of Officers; Stature; 
Color of Hair and Eyes; Complexion; 
Occupations; Weight; Color Blindness; 
Baldness; The Tallest and Shortest 
Men; American and Foreign Born; 
Military Aptitude . . . 7, 8, 9, 10, 11,12 

General Officers Killed: Union 
Army; Confederate Army . 12,13,14,15, 16 


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r 4^2 

. M /+ 





UKINmG* 

Umars 

The Qvil,— 
^AVilitarv 
and j^gal £vents 
Marking. thl 
( 0MM&NCEMENTAro(L0SE. 




The Beginning. 

1 860 . 

The War of the Rebellion really began with the unanimous adoption of the 
Ordinance of Secession, by the South Carolina Convention, Dec. 20, 1860. 

Dec. 26, alter dark, Maj. Anderson evacuated Fort Moultrie, and transferred 
his command to Fort Sumter. Within a few days the rebels began works to be¬ 
siege the fort. 

1861 . 

Jan. 9 they fired from these on the “Star of the West” carrying 250 men 
and provisions for Fort Sumter. 

As fast as the States passed Ordinances of Secession they seized the forti, 
arsenals, mints, custom-houses and other United States property within their 
borders. 

Jan. 9 the Mississippi Convention passed the Ordinance by a vote of 84 to 15. 

Jan. 10 the Florida Convention passed the Ordinance by a vote of 62 to ?. 

Jan. 11 the Alabama Convention passed the Ordinance by a vote of 61 to 39. 

Jan. 18 the Georgia Convention, by. a vote of 165 to 130, declared it to 
be “the right and duty of the State to secede,” and Jan. 19 the formal Ordinance 
of Secession was adopted by a vote of 208 to 89. 

Jan. 26'the Louisiana Convention adopted the Ordinance by a vote of 113 
to 17. 

Feb. 1 the Texas Convention adopted the Ordinance by a vote of 166 to 7. 

Feb. 4 the “ Provisional Congress of the Confederate States of America ” met 
at Montgomery, Ala., with Delegates present from South Carolina, Georgia, Ala¬ 
bama, Louisiana, Florida and Mississippi. 

Feb. 8 Provisional Constitution was adopted. 

Feb. 9 Jefferson Davis, of Mississippi, was unanimously elected President, and 
Alex. H. Stephens, of Georgia, Vice-President 

Feb. 14 the Delegates from Texas were admitted. 

Feb. 18 the President and Vice-President were inaugurated. 

Feb. 18 Brig.-Gen. Twiggs, commanding the United States forces in Texas, 
lurrendered the 18 military posts and their immense stores in his jurisdiction. 






















3 


March 1 the rebel Government sent the newly-made General, P. G. T. 
Beauregard, to take chief command at Charleston and make preparations to re¬ 
duce Fort Sumter. 

April 1 Beauregard telegraphed Jeff Davis: “Batteries ready to open 
Wednesday or Thursday. What instructions?” 

April 8 Jeff Davis called for 20,000 volunteers. 

April 10 Beauregard was ordered to demand the evacuation of Fort Sumter, 
and in case of refusal to proceed to reduce it. 

April 11 he sent in the demand for a surrender, which met with a refusal. 

April 12, at 3:20 a. in., Maj. Anderson was notified that fire would be 
opened on him in one hour. 

April 12, at 4:30 a. m., the first shot was fired at Fort Sumter from a mor¬ 
tar battery near old Fort Johnson, on the south side of the harbor. About 7 a. m. 
Capt. Abner Doubleday fired the first shot from the fort in reply. 

April 13, in the afternoon, Maj. Anderson agreed to evacuate the fort at 
noon of the next day—Sunday, April 14, which was done. 

April 15 President Lincoln issued a proclamation “calling forth the militia 
of the several States to the aggregate number of 75,000.” 

April 16 Jefferson Davis called for 34,000 more volunteers. 

April 17 Jefferson Davis issued a proclamation offering letters of marque 
and reprisal, “ Under the seal of these Confederate States,” to the privateers of 
any Nation. 

April 17 the Virginia Convention passed the Ordinance of Secession, to take 
effect when ratified by the people, May 23. It entered into a secret military 
league with the “ Confederate States,” and placed Jefferson Davis in command of 
the military affairs of the State. 

April 17 the Virginia Convention passed the Ordinance of Secession, to take 
effect when ratified by the people, May 23. 

April 19 President Lincoln issued a proclamation for a rigid blockade of the 
Southern ports, and threatening any privateers with a severe application of the 
laws against piracy. 

April 19 a mob at Baltimore attacked the 6th Mass. Militia as it was pass¬ 
ing through the city on its way to Washington, and killed Sumner H. Needham, 
Addison O. Whitney and Luther C. Ladd. About 40 others were more or less 
severely wounded. The soldiers returned the fire, and killed and wmunded a 
number of the rioters. That night the police and citizens burned the railroad 
bridges north of the city to prevent any more troops being brought through. 

May 6 an act was passed by the Confederate Congress “ recognizing the 
existence of war with the United States.” 

May 6 the Arkansas Convention passed the Ordinance by a vote of 69 to 1. 

May 10 Gen. Nathaniel Lyon, in command of the Regulars and the Mis¬ 
souri Home Guards, captured Camp Jackson, near St. Louis, Mo. 

May 13 Gen. B. F. Butler, with 500 men of the 6th Mass., 450 of the 8th 
N. Y., and a section of Cook’s Battery occupied Baltimore without resistance. 

May 20 the North Carolina Convention passed the Ordinance. Vote not 
given.' 

The attempt to hold a Convention in Tennessee was defeated by a big popular 
majority against it, but June 8 the Legislature adopted a “ Declaration of Inde¬ 
pendence and Ordinance of Secession,” and Gov. Isham G. Harris issued a proc¬ 
lamation declaring the State out of the Union. 


4 


May 23 the people of Virginia went through the form of ratifying the 
Ordinance of Secession, under the pressure of the rebel regiments with which the 
State had been filled. The Ordinance was declared to be ratified. 

May 24, at 2 a. m., the 14th, 69th, 5th and 28th N. Y. S. M., with a com¬ 
pany of cavalry and section of artillery, crossed the Aqueduct Bridge from Wash¬ 
ington into Virginia^ and occupied Arlington Hights, which commanded the city. 
At the same hour the 1st Mich., 12th, 25th and 7th N. Y. S. M., 3d N. J., a com¬ 
pany of cavalry and section of artillery crossed the Long Bridge, and advanced 
on Alexandria. The 1st N. Y. Zouaves, which had been encamped below Wash¬ 
ington, crossed the river, and landed on the wharves of Alexandria under the pro¬ 
tection of a gunboat. Col. Ellsworth was killed while carrying off* a rebel flag, 
and his assassin immediately slain. 

May 26 the 16th Ohio crossed the Ohio River into Virginia at Bellaire, and 
the 14th and 18th Ohio at Parkersburg. 

So the great drama was begun. 


The Ending. 

1865. 

April 9 Gen. Rob’t E. Lee surrendered the Army of Northern Virginia at 
Appomattox Courthouse, Va., to the Armies of the Potomac and James, under 
the command of Lieut.-Gen. U. S. Grant. 

April 13 the Secretary of War directed the suspension of all recruiting of 
troops in the loyal States by volunteer enlistments. 

April 17 Gen. Mosby surrendered his immediate command with 700 
prisoners to Maj.-Gen. W. S. Hancock. 

April 26 Gen. Jos. E. Johnston surrendered his command at Bennett's 
House, near Durham Station, N. C., to the Armies of the Tennessee, Georgia and 
Ohio, under the command of Gen. W. T. Sherman. This surrender included the 
Confederate forces operating in North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia and 
East Florida. 

April 29 James B. Fry, Provost-Marshal-General, issued the following 
order: “The Secretary of War having directed that the recruiting of men in 
the loyal States for the volunteer forces be stopped, now directs that the recruit¬ 
ment for the volunteer forces cf all persons, including colored men, in all States, 
be embraced in the order, and their enlistment be discontinued.” 

May 4 Gen. Richard Taylor surrendered his command, being the Confeder¬ 
ate troops in Mississippi and Alabama, to Gen. E. R. S. Canby at Citronelle, Ala. 

May 9 the President issued a proclamation announcing the re-establishment 
of the United States authority in the State of Virginia. 

May 10 the President issued a proclamation directing the arrest of insurgent 
cruisers, and refuses hospitalities to the public vessels of certain Nations showing 
hospitalities to insurgent cruisers after notice. 

May 10 Jefferson Davis, who was trying to escape, was captured at Irwins- 
ville, Ga. 

May 11 Gen. Jeff. Thompson surrendered his command to Gen. G. M. Dodge 
at Chalk Bluff, Ark. 

May 14 the Confederate naval forces in the waters of Alabama surrendered. 

May 17 the Secretary of War directed that all volunteer organizations of 
white troops in the Army of the Potomac whose terms expired between that date 
and Sept. 30, 1865, be immediately mustered out of the service. 



5 


May 20 Gen. Sam Jones surrendered at Jacksonville, Fla., all the troops 
under his command to Brig.-Gen. Israel Vogdes. 

May 22 the President’s proclamation raised the blockade except as to the 
Ports of Galveston, La Salle, Brazos de Santiago and Brownsville, in the State 
of Texas. 

May 26 Gen. E. Kirby Smith surrendered all the Confederate forces in the 
Trans-Mississippi Department, embracing Louisiana, Texas, Indian Territory and 
Arkansas, to Gen. E. R. S. Canby. The terms of the surrender were signed at 
New Orleans, La. 

May 26 the Armies of the East and West were disbanded and returned 
home, after a great review at Washington, D. C. 

May 29 the President issued the pardon and amnesty proclamation. Among 
the exceptions were those who held civil or diplomatic office under the rebel Govern¬ 
ment ; who left the Army or Navy of the United States to evade duty in resisting 
the rebellion ; who left judicial positions under the United States, or who left seats 
in Congress to aid the rebellion; all military or naval officers who were educated 
by the United States Government, etc., and provided that special application might 
be made to the President for pardon bv any person belonging to the excepted 
classes, and such clemency will be as liberally extended as may be consistent with 
the facts of the case and the dignity of the United States. 

May 29 the Secretary of War directed Gen. Meade, commanding Army of 
the Potomac, Gep. J. G. Parke, commanding Ninth Corps, and the Commanding 
Generals of the Army of Georgia and Tennessee, to “immediately muster out and 
discharge all the volunteer artillery” of their commands. 

June 6 an order was issued for the release of all prisoners of war in the 
depots of the North. 

June 13 the President proclaimed the insurrection ended in the State of 
Tennessee, and removed the restrictions to trade ea.t of the Mississippi, except as 
to contrabands of war. 

June 17 the Secretary of State announced to the Secretary of the Navy that 
the French Government had withdrawn belligerent rights and restrictions pre¬ 
viously accorded the Confederate States. 

June 17 the Ex- Vice-President of the so-called Confederate States and the 
Ex-General and Commander-in-Chief of the Confederate Army applied to the 
President of the United States for pardon. 

June 19 the Secretary of State advised the Secretary of the Navy that 
Great Britain had withdrawn her concessions, recognition and protection hitherto 
accorded the Confederate States cruisers. 

June 23 the President by proclamation declared all the ports of the United 
States, including Galveston and ports west of the Mississippi, open to foreign com¬ 
merce on July 1, 1865. 

June 24 the President by proclamation removed restrictions on trade west of 
the Mississippi. 

Aug. 29 the President proclaimed all restrictions on trade removed on and 
after Sept. 1, 1865. 

Oct. 12 martial law proclaimed by the President as no longer in force in 
Kentucky. 

April 2, 1866, the President by proclamation declared the insurrection at an 
rnd in the States of Georgia, South Carolina, Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee, 
Alabama, Louisiana, Arkansas, Mississippi and Florida. 


6 


Aug. 20, 1866, the President by proclamation declared it an error to have 
omitted the State of Texas from the proclamation of April 2, 1866, and now in¬ 
cluded that State, and also proclaimed that “ peace, order, tranquility and civil 
authority now exists in and throughout the whole of the United States of Ameri¬ 
ca.” 

Civil Government was re-established in the several States by proclamation of 
the President as follows : 

May 29, 1865, North Carolina; Wm. W. Holden, Provisional Governor. 

June 13, 1865, Mississippi; Wm. L. Starkey, Provisional Governor. 

June 17, 1865, Georgia; James Johnson, Provisional Governor. 

June 17, 1865, Texas; And. J. Hamilton, Provisional Governor. 

June 21, 1865, Alabama; Lewis E. Parsons, Provisional Governor. 

June 30, 1865, South Carolina; Benj. F. Perry, Provisional Governor. 

July 13, 1865, Florida; Wm. Marvin, Provisional Governor. 

So the great drama ended. 



“Shoot Him on the Spot.” 

Louisiana seceded Jan. 26, 1861, and the rebels immediately began seizing 
all the United States property in the State. Hon. John A. Dix, who in January 
had succeeded Howell Cobb, of Georgia, as Secretary of the Treasury, sent Wm. 
H. Jones, a clerk in the Treasury Department, to New Orleans to try to save two 
revenue cutters there by taking them to New York. Jones telegraphed to the 
Secretary that the Captain of the cutter McClelland refused to give her up, 
whereupon the Secretary sent the following dispatch, which electrified the country, 
as it w'as the first official and public utterance that the National authority must 
be respected: 

Treasury Department, Jan. 29,1861. 

Tell Lieut. Caldwell to arrest Capt. Breshwood, assume command of the 
cutter, and obey the order I gave through you. If Capt. Breshwood, after arrest, 
undertakes to interfere with the command of the cutter, tell Lieut. Caldwell to 
consider him as a mutineer and treat him accordingly. If anyone attempts to 
haul down the American Flag shoot him on the spot. 

John A. Dix, Secretary. 




The following facts relating to the Per¬ 
sonal Characteristics of the men who served 
in the Union Army and Navy during the 
war, are collated from the voluminous re¬ 
searches and statistics collected by Mr. Benj. 
Apthorp Gould, Statistician to the Sanitarv 
Commission, and Dr. J. H. Baxter, Colonel 
and Chief Medical Purveyor and Chief 
Medical Officer, Provost-Marshal-General’s 
Bureau. 


Ages of Soldiers. 

The average age at last birthday, 25.3 years. 
The average age at enlistment, 25.8 years. 
There were of the age of 18, 13.2 per cent. 

“ under 21, 29.5 “ 

“ “ 25, 58.3 

“ “ 30, 76.5 


Ages of Officers. 

The total number of officers of all ages was 37,184; that of those be¬ 
tween 18 and 46 being 35,953.- 

Stature. 


Mean hight of soldiers, by regions in which enlisted, according to B. A. Gould ; ages 
from 17 to over 35: 


Place. Inches. 

New England States. 67.834 

New York, New Jersey and Pennsyl¬ 
vania .. 67.529 

Ohio and Indiana.68.169 

Michigan, Wisconsin and Illinois . . 67.877 
Slave States, not including Florida 

and Georgia. 68.255 

Kentucky and Tennessee. 68.605 

Free States west of the Mississippi . 67.419 
Slave States west of the Mississippi . 67.964 
British America, except Canada . . . 67.501 
The total average is 67.639 inches; being 
Table Showing mean hight of 315,620 
Dr. J. H. Baxter: 


Place. Inches. 

Canada. 67.066 

England. 66.741 

Scotland. 67.258 

Ireland. 66.951 

France, Belgium and Switzerland . . 66.534 

Germany. 66.660 

Scandinavia. 67.337 

Spain, Portugal, and Spanish Ameri¬ 
ca .66.111 

Miscellaneous. 66.596 

a fraction over 5 feet 7£. 

American-born white soldiers, according to 


State. Inches. 

Kentucky. 68.677 

Kansas. 68.551 

Minnesota. 68.371 

Missouri. 68.337 

California. 68.306 

Nevada. 68.286 

Indiana. 68.080 

West Virginia. 68.005 

Wisconsin.67.911 


State. Inches. 

Maryland.67.814 

Ohio. 67.782 

Vermont. 67.583 

Delaware. 67.490 

Pennsylvania. 67.470 

District of Columbia. 67.353 

Rhode Island.. . . . . 67.290 

New York. 67.274 

New Jersey. 67.023 






































8 


State. Inches. 

Maine. 67.895 

Iowa. 67.895 

Illinois. 67.835 

Michigan . 67.826 

The average hight of seamen and 


State. Inches. 

New Hampshire. 66.929 

Massachusetts. 66.891 

Connecticut.66.587 

landsmen enlisted in the Navy, for the 


same localities, and foreign nations, as given in the soldier list, is 66.566 inches, 
or 5 feet 6J inches. 

The average hight of colored soldiers is as follows: Natives of the Free States, 
66.538 inches. Natives of the Slave States, 66.685 inches. The total average is 
66.655 inches, or 5 feet 6J inches. 


Color of Hair. 


The records in this respect are not as complete and accurate as are desired, 
and this table, showing the proportion in each 1,000, is given fer those of whom 
there is a record : 


State. 

Black. 

Dark. 

Brown. 

Light. 

Sandy. 

Red. 

Gray. 

Maine. 

149 

309 

338 ! 

158 

29 

6 

11 

New Hampshire .... 

134 

147 

476 

189 

38 

9 

7 

Vermont ........ 

153 

177 

432 

184 

39 

8 

7 

Massachusetts ..... 

111 

234 

386 

220 

28 

12 

9 

Connecticut. 

132 

208 

418 

177 

39 

11 

15 

New York. 

115 

223 

427 

178 

33 

12 

12 

Pennsylvania ....... 

119 

322 

274 

204 

44 

28 

9 

West Virginia. 

170 

310 

129 

311 

.S7 

33 

10 

Kentucky. 

148 

322 

74 

381 

33 

36 

6 

Ohio . 

151 

268 

229 

265 

37 

44 

6 

Indiana. 

138 

315 

150 

294 

36 

58 

9 

Illinois. 

149 

232 

238 

286 

' 31 

54 

10 

Michigan. 

105 

200 

422 

210 

30 

28 

5 

Wisconsin. 

131 

150 

429 

239 

35 

7 

0 

Iowa. 

171 

236 

293 

215 

45 

13 

27 

Missouri. 

147 

218 

239 

291 

77 

13 

15 

Foreigners. 

136 

250 

306 

235 

37 

26 

10 


Color of Eyes. 


State. 

Out of every 1,000. 

Blue. 

Gray. 

Hazel. 

Dark. 

Black. 

Maine. 

458 

171 

193 

70 

108 

New Hampshire. 

494 

193 

168 

75 

70 

Vermont. 

555 

148 

82 

98 

117 

Massachusetts. 

506 

184 

173 

76 ! 

61 

Connecticut. 

476 

228 

1.24 

103 

69 

New York. 

467 

255 

75 

140 

63 

Pennsylvania. 

319 

356 

142 

150 

33 

West Virginia. 

430 

■ 258 

84 

126 

102 

Kentucky . 

466 

. 220 

91 

97 

126 

Ohio. 

393 

293 

120 

112 

82 

Indiana. 

422 

258 

139 

94 

87 

Illinois. 

447 

245 

121 

106 

81 

Michigan. 

522 

224 

93 

85 

76 

Wisconsin . .. 

533 

202 

106 

93 

66 

Iowa. 

462 

239 

129 j 

86 

84 

Missouri. 

460 

245 

115 1 

107 

73 

Foreigners. 

449 

243 

128 ! 

104 

76 





































































9 

Complexion. 


Location. 

Native born and foreigners 


Out of every 1,000. 
Dark. Light. Medium- 
324 608 68 


Occupations. 

Out of every 1,000. 

Agricultural . 487 

Mechanics.252 

Commercial. 35 

Professional. 16 

Printers. 6 

Laborers.163 

Miscellaneous. 41 


Weight. 

The average weight of soldiers, including natives and foreign born, is as fol¬ 
lows: 

White. 142.08 pounds. 

Colored.'...144.58 

Sailors. 138.92 “ 


Color Blindness. 

This was not given the attention that other subjects received, and the records 
ire not as complete as is desired. 

Out of 8,089 soldiers examined, 178 were color blind. 

“ “ 451 sailors “ 2 “ “ “ 

“ “ 1,508 full blacks “ 17 “ “ " 

« “ 666 mulattoes “ 2 “ “ “ 


Baldness. 

Out of 9,271 soldiers, 94 were bald. 

“ “ 1,061 sailors, 18 “ “ 

" “ 2,511 negroes, 3 “ “ 

Some of those examined showed baldness to have existed among those who 
were under 21 years of age. 

Out of 112 soldiers whose mean age was 37.62 years the average time oi 
baldness was 8.51 years. 

Out of 18 sailors whose mean age was 35.72 years the average time of bald¬ 
ness was 7.72 years. 


The G. A. R.’s Dates. 

The Grand Army of the Republic fixes the eligibility to membership to 
"Soldiers and Sailors of the United States Army, Navy and Marine Corps who 
served between April 12, 1861, and April 9, 1865, in the war for the suppres¬ 
sion of the Rebellion, and those having been honorably discharged therefrom, 
after such service, and of such State regiments as were called into active service 
and subject to the orders of the United States general officers between the dates 
mentioned.” 



















The Tallest Men in the Service. 

The tallest man for whose stature the testimony is complete and unimpeach¬ 
able was Lieut. Van Buskirk, of the 27th Ind. Vols., who measured 82J inches 
(6 feet 10J inches) in his stocking feet. 

Corporal Ira Stout, of the 50th Ind. Vols., Co. E, was 24 years of age and 
81 inches (6 feet 9 inches) tall at date of his enlistment, September, 1861. He was 
born in Ohio County, Indiana; was a farmer by occupation ; had blue eyes, light 
hair, and fair complexion. 

John Bunch was born in Ohio; at enlistment, September, 1861, was 20 years 
old and 80J inches (6 feet 8| inches) tall; a farmer by occupation; hazel eyes, 
light hair, and fair complexion. 

Joseph H. Harris was born in Vermont and enlisted in the 1st N. H. Vols. 
(3 months regiment), age 26, and 80^ inches (6 feet 8^- inches) tall; by occupation 
a mechanic, and had blue eyes, brown hair and dark complexion. 

Andrew J. Sanders was born in New York, and served in Co. A, 8th Wis. 
Vols.; was 20 years old at date of enlistment, and was 80 inches (6 feet 8 inches) 
tall. 

These are the five tallest men whose cases are well identified. 

The Smallest Men. 

The shortest man for whom the record is satisfactorily verified was a member 
of the 192d Ohio Vols. At the time of enlistment he was 24 years of age and 

in 




















11 


measured 40 inches (3 feet 4 inches) in hight. Col. F. W. Butterfield, his com¬ 
manding officer, vouches for the correctness of this record. 

In the muster rolls of the 128th Ind. Vols. is described a man 44 years old 
and 49 inches (4 feet 1 inch) in hight. Gen. R. P. DeHart, formerly Colonel 
of that regiment, confirmed the statement and further stated that the man was a 
good soldier and able to bear the hardships of a campaign as well as men of 
medium stature. 


American and Foreign Born. 

Nativity of those who entered the United States service as volunteers: 

Native-born Americans. 1,523,267 Irish. 144,221 

British-Americans. 53,532 German. 176,817 

English. 45,508 Other foreigners. 74,855 


This table effectually disposes of the assertion that the Union Army was com¬ 
posed largely of foreigners. As this is compiled from official data, further com¬ 
ment is hardly necessary, but it should be kept in mind that the greater portion 
of those who are classified in the above tables as foreign-born were really as dis¬ 
tinctly American as if born here. They had been brought to this country aa 
children, grown up and been educated among us, and were as thoroughly Ameri¬ 
can as ourselves. 

As a matter of curiosity a table of the nativities given of some of the 
fhreign-born is interesting: 


Born at Sea . . , 
Central America 

Asia. 

East Indies 
China . . . . . 

Japan . . . 

Manilla . . . 

Ceylon . . . . 

Calcutta - . . 

Bombay . 

Turkey . . . 

Greece . . . . 

Corsica. . . . , 

Malta . . . . 


100 Africa. 

2 Morocco. 

2 Cape Town . . , «. 

17 Sant Helena . . . 

8 Cape Verde . . . 

1 Azores .... 

4 Santa Cruz . . . . 

1 St. Michael’s . , . 

1 Australia . . . 

1 New Zealand . . . 

3 Sydney . 

4 Sandwich Islands . 

1 Mercator’s Island . 

2 


2 

1 

1 

5 

2 

10 

1 

3 

32 

2 

1 

15 

1 


Military Aptitude 

Military aptitude is the union of all the conditions of admissibility into 
military service. For example, from 1,000 recruits must be deducted, first, the 
number exempted for deficient hight, and, secondly , the number exempted for 
such infirmities as are held by law to be disqualifying. The number remaining 
will indicate the military aptitude, or rate per thousand, of available men. 

According to the tables of Boudin the following is the number of soldiers 
that each country obtains from every 1,000 men of 20 years of age: 

phssia.283 Sardinia (before 1859). 598 

Saxony ..259 Belgium.638 

Austria (before 1859) . 497 France . 682 

Denmark.522 

Dr. J. H. Baxter, studying the figures after the passage of the Enrolment 
and Conscription Act in 1863, and after 1,350,000 men had already enlisted, found 











































12 

that of the remainder 760.30 men out of every 1,000 were fit for military 
service. 

This makes it clear beyond doubt that the Americans are the most military 
people in the world. The abundance of good food they have and the free lives 
they all lead tends strongly to the highest developement of mind and body. 
There is a much larger proportion of strong, active, healthy, clear-brained men 
among them than among any other peoples, and consequently they can turn out 
many more fighting men from a given population than any other. 

GENERAL OFFICERS 

Of the United States and Confederate Armies Killed or Died 
of Wounds Received in Action During the War of the 
Rebellion between April 15, ’61, and June 1, ’66. 

UNITED STATES ARMY. 

Maj.-Gen. Edward D. Baker, killed Oct. 21, 1861, at Ball’s Bluff, Va. 
Brig.-Gen. George D. Bayard, killed Dec. 14, 1862, at Fredericksburg, Va. 
Maj.-Gen. Hiram G. Berry, killed May 3,1863, at Chancellorsville, Va. 
Brig.-Gen. Daniel D. Bidwell, killed Oct. 19, 1864, at Cedar Creek, Va. 
Brig.-Gen. Henry Bohlen, killed Aug. 22, 1862, at Freeman’s Ford’, Va. 
Brig.-Gen. Hiram Burnham, killed Sept. 30, 1864, at Chapin’s Farm, Va. 
Brig.-Gen. Edward P. Chapin, killed May 27, 1863, at Port Hudson, La. 
Brig.-Gen. Elon J. Farnsworth, killed July 3, 1863, at Gettysburg, Pa. 
Brig.-Gen. Pleasant A. Hackleman, killed Oct. 3, 1862, at Corinth, Miss. 
Brig.-Gen. Charles G. Harker, killed June 27, 1864, at Kenesaw Mountain, 
Ga. 

Brig.-Gen. Alexander Hays, killed May 5, 1864, at the Wilderness, Va. 
Brig.-Gen. Conrad F. Jackson, killed Dec. 13, 1862, at Fredericksburg, 
Va. 

Brig.-Gen. James S. Jackson, killed Oct. 8,1862, at Perryville, Ky. 
Maj.-Gen. Philip Kearny, killed Sept. 1, 1862, at Chantilly, Va. 

Brig.-Gen. Edmund Kirby, died May 28, 1863, of wounds received at Chan¬ 
cellorsville, Va. 

Brig.-Gen. Edward N. Kirk, died July 29, 1863, of wounds received at 
Stone River, Tenn. 

Brig.-Gen. Charles R. Lowell, died Oct. 20, 1864, of wounds received at 
Middletown, Va. 

Brig.-Gen. Nathaniel Lyon, killed Aug. 10, 1861, at Wilson’s Creek, Mo. 
Brig.-Gen. William IJ. Lytle, died Sept. 20, 1863, of wounds received at 
Chickamauga, Ga. 

Brig.-Gen. Daniel McCook, died July 17, 1864, of wounds received af 
Kenesaw Mountain, Ga. 

Brig.-Gen. Robert L. McCook, died Aug. 6, 1862, of wounds received from 
guerrillas while en route to Decherd, Tenn. 

Maj.-Gen. James B. McPherson, killed July 22, 1864, near Atlanta, Ga. 
Maj.-Gen. Joseph K. F. Mansfield, died Sept. 18, 1862, of wounds received 
at Antietam, Md. 

Maj.-Gen. Jesse L. Reno, killed Sept. 14, 1862, at South Mountain, Md. 





13 


Maj.-Gen. John F. Reynolds, killed July 1, 1863, at Gettysburg, Pa. 

Brig.-Gen. James C. Rice, killed May 10, 1864, at Spottsylvania, Va. 

Brig.-Gen. Samuel A. Rice, died July 6, 1864, of wounds received at Jen¬ 
kins’ Ferry, Ark. 

Maj.-Gen. Israel B. Richardson, died Nov. 3, 1862, of wounds received at 
Antietam, Md. 

Brig.-Gen. Isaac P. Rodman, died Sept. 30, 1862, of wounds received at 
Antietam Md. 

Brig.-Gen. David A. Russell, killed Sept. 19, 1864, at Winchester, Va. 

Brig.-Gen. William P. Sanders, died Nov. 19, 1863, of wounds received at 
Knoxville, Tenn. 

Maj.-Gen. John Sedgwick, killed May 9, 1864, at Spottsylvania, Va. 

Brig.-Gen. Joshua W. Sill, killed Dec. 31, 1862, at Stone River, Tenn. 

Brig.-Gen. Thomas A. Smyth, died April 9, 1865, of wounds received at 
Farmville, Va. 

Maj.-Ge'k Isaac I. Stevens, killed Sept. 1, 1862, at Chantilly Va 

Brig.-Gen. Thomas G. Stephenson, killed May 10, 1864, at Spottsylvania, Va. 

Maj.-Gen. George C. Strong, died July 30, 1863, of wounds received at Fort 
Wagner, S. C. 

Brig.-Gen. George W. Taylor, died Aug. 31, 1862, of wounds received at 
Bull Run, Va. 

Brig.-Gen. William R. Terrill, killed Oct. 8, 1862, at Perryville, Ky. 

Brig.-Gen. Strong Vincent, died July 7, 1863, of wounds received at Gettys¬ 
burg, Pa. 

Brig.-Gen. James S. Wadsworth, died May 8, 1864, of wounds received at 
the Wilderness, Va. 

Brig.-Gen. William H. L. Wallace, died April 10, 1862, of wounds received 
at Shiloh, Tenn. 

Brig.-Gen. Stephen H. Weed, killed July 2, 1863, at Gettysburg, Pa. 

Maj.-Gen. Amiel W. Whipple, died May 7, 1863, of wounds received at 
Chancellorsville, Va. 

Brig.-Gen. Thomas Williams, killed Aug. 5, 1862, at Baton Rouge, La. 

Brig.-Gen. Samuel K. Zook, died July 3, 1863, of wounds received at 
Gettysburg, Pa. 

Union Brigade Commanders, with Rank of Colonel, Killed in 

Action. 

COL. W. F. FOX’S LIST. 

Col. Julius Raith, (mortally wounded,) 43d Illinois, Shiloh. 

Col. Everett Peabody, 25th Missouri, Shiloh. 

Col. George Webster, 98th Ohio, Chaplin Hills. 

Col. John A. Koltes, 73d Pennsylvania, Manassas. 

Col. William B. Goodrich, 60th New York. Antietam. 

Col. George W. Roberts, 42d Illinois, Stone River. 

Col. Frederick Schaefer, 2d Missouri, Stone River. 

Col. George C. Spear, 61st Pennsylvania, Marye’s High is. 

Col. David S. Cowles, 128th New York, Port Hudson. 

Col. George B. Boomer, 26th Missouri, Vicksburg. 

Col. Edward E. Cross, 5th New Hampshire, Gettysburg. 



14 


Col. George L. Willard, 125tli New York, Gettysburg. 

Col. Eliakim Sherrill, 126th New York, Gettysburg. 

Col. Haldinand S. Putnam, 7th New Hampshire, Fort Wagner. 

Col. James E. Mallon, 42d New York, Bristoe Station. 

Col. Edward A. King, 68th Indiana, Chickamauga. 

Col. Hans C. Heg, 15th Wisconsin, Chickamauga. 

Col. Philemon P. Baldwin, 6th Indiana, Chickamauga. 

Col. William R. Creighton, 7th Ohio, Ringgold. 

Col. Patrick E. Burke, (mortally wounded,) 66th Illinois, Rome Crossroads. 
Col. Orlando H. Morris, 66th New York, Cold Harbor. 

Col. Lewis O. Morris, 7th New York (H. A.), Cold Harbor. 

Col. Henry Boyd McKeen, 81st Pennsylvania, Cold Harbor. 

Col. Frank A. Haskell, 36th Wisconsin, Cold Harbor. 

Col. Jeremiah C. Drake, 112th New York, Cold Harbor. 

Col. Richard Byrnes, (mortally wounded,) 28th Massachusetts (Irish Bri¬ 
gade), Cold Harbor. 

Col. Patrick Kelly, 88th New York (Irish Brigade), Petersburg. 

Col. William Blaisdell, 11th Massachusetts, Petersburg. 

Col. Simon Mix, 3d New York Cavalry, Petersburg. 

Col. Calvin A. Craig, 105th Pennsylvania, Deep Bottom. 

Col. Nathan T. Dushane, 1st Maryland, Weldon Railroad. 

Col. Joseph Thoburn, (Thoburn commanded a division during the entire 
Shenandoah campaign, and was in command of it at the time of his death,) 
let West Virginia, Cedar Creek. 

Col. Louis Bell, 4th New Hampshire, Fort Fisher. 


CONFEDERATE ARMY. 

Brig.-Gen. John Adams, killed Nov. 30, 1864* at Franklin, Tenn. 

Brig.-Gen. George B. Anderson, died Oct. 16, 1862, of wounds received at 
Antietam, Md. 

Brig.-Gen. Lewis A. Armistead, killed July 3, 1863, at Gettysburg, Pa. 
Brig.-Gen. Turner Ashby, killed June 6, 1862, at Harrisonburg, Va. 
Brig.-Gen. William Barksdale, killed July 2, 1863, at Gettysburg, Pa. 
Brig.-Gen. Francis S. Bartow, killed July 21, 1861, at Bull Run, Va. 
Brig.-Gen. Barnard E. Bee, killed July 21, 1861, at Bull Run, Va. 
Brig.-Gen. Samuel Benton, died July 29, 1864, of wounds received at 
Atlanta, Ga. 

Brig.-Gen. Lawrence O’B. Branch, killed Sept. 17, 1862, at Antietam, Md. 
Brig.-Gen. John R. Chambliss, killed Aug. 16, 1864, at Deep Bottom, Va. 
Maj.-Gen. Patrick R. Cleburne, killed Nov. 30, 1864, at Franklin, Tenn. 
Brig.-Gen. Thomas R. Cobb, killed Dec. 13,1862, at Fredericksburg, Va. 
Brig.-Gen. Junius Daniel, killed May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania, Va. 
Brig.-Gen. James Dearing, killed April 6,1865, at High Bridge, Va. 
Brig.-Gen. James Deshler, killed Sept. 20, 1863, at Chickamauga, Ga. 
Brig.-Gen. George Doles, killed May 30, 1864, at Bethesda Church, Va. 
Brig.-Gen. John Dunovant, killed Oct. 1, 1864, at Vaughan Road, Va. 
Brig.-Gen. Samuel Garland, killed Sept. 14, 1862, at South Mountain, Md. 
Brig.-Gen. Richard B. Garnett, killed July 3, 1863, at Gettysburg, Pa. 
Brig.-Gen. Robert S. Garnett, killed July 13, 1861, at Carriek’s Ford, Va. 
Brig.-Gen. Victor J. B. Girardey, killed Aug. 16, 1864, at Deep Bottom, Va. 



15 


Brig.-Gen. States R. Gist, killed Nov. 30, 1864, at Franklin, Tenn. 

Brig.-Gen. Adley H. Gladden, died April 11, 1862, of wounds received at 
Shiloh, Tenn. 

Brig.-Gen. James B. Gordon, killed May 11,1864, at Yellow Tavern, Ya. 
Brig.-Gen. Archibald Grade, killed Dec. 2, 1864, at Petersburg, Va. 
Brig.-Gen. Martin E. Green, killed June 27,1863, at Vicksburg, Miss. 
Brig.-Gen. Thomas Green, killed April 12, 1864, at Mansfield, La. 

Brig.-Gen. John Gregg, killed Get. 7, 1864, at Darbytown Road, Va. 
Brig.-Gen. Maxcy Gregg, killed Dec. 13, 1862, at Fredericksburg, Va. 
Brig.-Gen. Richard Griffith, died June 30, 1862, of wounds received at Sav¬ 
age Station, Va. 

Brig.-Gen. Roger W. Hanson, killed Dec. 30, 1862, at Stone River, Tenn. 
Brig.-Gen. Robert Hatton, killed June 1,1862, at Fair Oaks, Va. 

Brig.-Gen. Benjamin H. Helm, killed Sept. 20,1863, at Chickamauga, Ga. 
Lieut.-Gen. Ambrose P. Hill, killed April 2, 1865, at Petersburg, Va. 
Lieut.-Gen. Thomas J. Jackson, died May 10, 1863, of wounds received at 
Chancellorsville, Va. 

Brig.-Gen. Micah M. Jenkins, killed May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Va. 
Gen. Albert S. Johnston, killed April 6, 1862, at Shiloh, Tenn. 

Brig.-Gen. John M. Jones, killed May 10, 1864, at Spottsylvania, Va. 
Brig.-Gen. William E. Jones, killed June 5,1864, at Piedmont, Va. 
Brig.-Gen. Lewis Henry Little, killed Sept 19, 1862, at Iuka, Miss. 
Brig.-Gen. Benjamin McCulloch, killed March 7,1862, at Pea Ridge, Ark. 
Brig.-Gen. James M. McIntosh, killed March 7,1862, at Pea Ridge, Ark. 
Brig.-Gen. John Marshall, killed June 27, 1862, at Gaines’ Mill, Va. 
Brig.-Gen. John H. Morgan, killed Sept 4, 1864, at Greenville, Tenn. 
Brig.-Gen. J. J. Alfred Mouton, killed April 8, 1864, at Mansfield, La. 
Brig.-Gen. Elisha F. Paxton, killed May 3, 1863, at Chancellorsville, Va. 
Maj.-Gen. John Pegram, died Feb. 6, 1865, of wounds received at Hatcher’® 
Run, Va. 

Maj.-Gen. William D. Pender, died July 18, 1863, of wounds received at 
Gettysburg, Pa. 

Brig.-Gen. Abner M. Perrin, killed May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania, Va. 
Brig.-Gen. James J. Pettigrew, died July 17, 1863, of wounds received at 
Falling Waters, Md. 

Lieut.-Gen. Leonidas Polk, killed June 14, 1864, at Kenesaw Mountain, Ga. 
Brig.-Gen. Carnot Posey, died Nov. 13, 1862, of wounds received at Gettys¬ 
burg, Pa. 

Brig.-Gen. James S. Raines, killed Dec. 31, 1862, at Stone River, Tenn. 
Maj.-Gen. Stephen D. Ramseur, died Oct. 20, 1864, of wounds received at 
Cedar Creek, Va. 

Brig.-Gen. Horace Randal, killed April 30, 1864, at Jenkins’ Ferry, Ark. 
Maj.-Gen. Robert E. Rodes, killed Sept. 19, 1864, at Winchester, Va. 
Brig.-Gen. John C. C. Sanders, killed Aug. 21,1864, at Weldon Railroad, Va, 
Brig.-Gen. William R. Scurry, killed April 30, 1864, at Jenkins’ Ferry, Ark. 
Brig.-Gen. Paul J. Semmes, died July 10,1863, of wounds received at Gettys¬ 
burg, Pa. 

Brig.-Gen. George W. Y. Slack, died March 8, 1862, of wounds received at 
Pea Ridge, Ark. 

Brig.-Gen. Preston Smith, killed Sept. 20, 1863, at Chickamauga, Ga. 


16 


Brig.-Gen. Le Roy A. Stafford, died May 11, 1864, of wounds received at 
the Wilderness, Va. 

Brig.-Gen. William E. Starke, killed Sept. 17, 1862, at Antietam, Md. 
Brig.-Gen. Clement H. Stevens, killed July 20, 1864, at Atlanta, Ga. 
Brig.-Gen. Oscar F. Strahl, killed Nov. 30, 1864, at Franklin, Tenn. 
Maj.-Gen. James E. B. Stuart, died May 12, 1864, of wounds received at 
Yellow Tavern, Va. 

Brig.-Gen. James B. Terrill, killed May 30, 1864, at Bethesda Church, Va. 
Brig.-Gen. Lloyd Tilghinan, killed May 16, 1863, at Champion Hills, Mia. 
Brig.-Gen. Edward D. Tracy, killed May 1, 1863, at Port Gibson, Miss. 
Maj.-Gen. William H. T. Walker, killed July 22, 1864, at Atlanta, Ga. 
Brig.-Gen. Charles S. Winder, killed Aug. 9, 1862, at Cedar Run, Va. 
Brig.-Gen. Felix K. Zollicoffer, killed Jan. 19, 1862, at Mill Springs, Ky. 


THE NATIONAL TRIBUNE LIBRARY. 


A Series of Pamphlets Containing Matters of the 
Highest Interest to Every American Citizen. 

ALREADY ISSUED. 

No. 1. STATISTICS OF THE WAR. -Containing: Number of En- 
listments Under Each Call from Every State, with the Quotas of the States; Number of 
Regiments, Battalions and Batteries Sent Out by Each State; Number of Sailors and 
Marines Sent by Each State; Strength of the Rebel Army, as far as can be Ascertained, etc. 

No. 2. LINCOLN’S WORDS ,—Containing: Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address, 
his Second Inaugural, and many other of his sublime utterances, which sank deep in the 
hearts of the people, and will live as long as the Nation endures. It is a pamphlet which 
ihould be put into the hands of every American child, to teach him or her not only the 
highest patriotism and loyalty, but humanity, justice, and the very best use of the EnglisI 
language. It has no equal as a teacher of the children. 

No. 3. MISCELLANEOUS MEMORANDA^ 

At which the War Actually Began and Ended, in 
Personal Characteristics of the Volunteers, ^ 

Hair and Eyes, and other particul 
md N avy; Names of 

tiiRStrti/ tit 

No. 4. PENSION STATISTICS.— Containing: Number of Pensioners 

on the Roll, and Rates Paid Them ; Number under the Old Laws, the Act of 1890, the 
Mexican War, the War of 1812, and the Revolution ; Number in the Different States and 
Foreign Countries, with the Total Amounts paid Each Class; Amount of Pension Expendi¬ 
tures to Date, Amount Paid to Bondholders to Date, etc. 

No. 5. HISTORY OF SLAVERY IN THE UNITED STATES. 

By John McElroy. Being a brief Sketch of the Introduction of Slavery into the United 
States, Early Efforts at Emancipation, the “Boom ” in Slaves Owing to the Invention of the 
Cotton Gin ; Slavery’s Rapid Extension, the Efforts to Restrict it which Culminated in the 
War, and Its Final Abolition. 

Any of these will be sent to any address, post paid, upon the receipt of five cents ; six 
copies for 25 cents. They are compact, authoritative expositions of the facts they set fort^ 
which are collected from official sources. They are in the most convenient form for preser¬ 
vation and ready reference, and everyone interested in the war and the history of the Coun¬ 
try should have them. 

OTHER NUMBERS WILL RAPIDLY FOLLOW. 

Address, THE NATIONAL TRIBUNE, 1729 New York Ave., Washington, D. 0. 


The -D.-.eJl 
Naval Senses; 
Weight, Color of 
the Union Armies 
tie, etc. 


LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



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